Crocus sativus is a sterile triploid (2n = 3x = 24) and is normally propagated vegetatively through corms. Therefore, farmers do not generally produce new saffron genotypes through true seed.
- Flowering intensity
- Number of flowers per corm
- Stigma weight
- Daughter-corm production
- Resistance/tolerance to diseases and environmental stress
Corm calibre means the size/weight of the saffron corm used for planting.
|
Corm calibre & General expectation |
|
|
Small corms |
Mainly vegetative growth; limited flowering |
|
Medium corms |
Moderate flowering potential |
|
Large corms |
Better flowering and higher
potential stigma yield |
|
Very large, healthy corms |
Excellent planting material when
disease-free |
Corms should preferably be:
Mother corm / flowering-size corm: Mature corm capable of producing flowers and daughter corms.
For high-yield saffron cultivation, the best planting material is generally true-to-type, locally adapted, large-calibre, mature and disease-free corms. Rather than simply buying the largest corms available, growers should consider corm weight, genetic uniformity, health, dormancy status and certified source together.
Available saffron planting material
- Botanical name:
Crocus sativus L.
- Crop:
Saffron / Kesar
- Genotype/type:
Cashmerian saffron planting material; Crocus sativus is a sterile
triploid crop propagated vegetatively through corms.
- Corm calibre :
Small, medium and large corms can be graded according to diameter and
weight. For commercial production in Kashmir, corms above 2 cm diameter
and around 10 g or more are commonly recommended as quality planting
material.
- Corm type :
Mature flowering corms and daughter/cormlet material, depending on
seasonal stock.
- Mother corm:
The mature corm that produces new daughter corms and supports their
initial development.
- Daughter corms:
Vegetatively produced corms that develop from the mother corm and become
the next generation of planting material.
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